주미 대사 대리가 국무장관에게 보내는 서한
July 21, 1956
Dear Mr. Secretary:
I have the honor again ti refer to the Korea-Japan relations and to discuss some basic aspects of the problem, having an intense apprehension that the growing arrogance of Japan toward Korea, if left unchecked,would cannot endanger the very independence of the Republic of Korea.
We have been repeatedly advised of your Government's desire to see friendly relations established between Korea and Japan and also of your Government's willingness to render good offices, if necessary, for bringing this about,of which we are deeply appreciatives. Apart from the general desirability of having two neighbouring countries on friendly terms, the particular importance attached to the thought seems to be that with Korea and Japan closely tied together the defense of the free world in the Far East would be greatly strengthened. This is of course highly desirable and my Government hs been patiently endeavouring for the achivement of this desideratum thus far.
As things are now, however, this desideratum seems more apparent than real. In order to achieve this, two prerequisites must be met: First, there must be developed between the two countries a genuine friendship; and secondly, Japan must be a nation genuinely and unequivocaly anti-communist. For the achievement of the first requisite, there has to be a genuine mutual desire to foster friendship, absolutly devoid of any harmful intensions against the other. An open lip-service to the cause of friendship accompanied by surreptitious contrivance to undermine the very neighbour whose friendship is avowedly cherished is worse than useless. Korea had this sort of friendship offered by Japan half a century ago and since learned costly lessons through bitter experiences of forty years of alavery under the Japanese "friendship and dispensation of benefits."
When we started the Korea-Japan talks in 1951, we wished to lay a firm basic upon which the future friendly relations between the two countries could be built. With the liquidation of the vestiges of the Japanese domonation of Korea ▣ it ▣...▣ just solution of various problems arising from the new relations between the two countries. We expected perhaps naively same evidence of the sincere desire on the part of Japan for a genuine friendship, if not repentance. However, to our disappointment and regret, we found the self-same old imperialistic Japan.
Japan claimed eight-five per cent of the whole property of this country, despite her solemn pledge in the San Francisco Treaty to "renounce all right, title and claim to Korea" and to recognize the validity of dispositions of Japanese property by the United States Military Government in Korea. This is exemplary of the Japanese duplicity and her dual way of behaviour toward the stronger and the weaker. The renascent Japanese aggressive intention toward Korea has been made more expressly manifest by the ignominious Kuboda statement and subequent numerous statement by responsible officials of the Japanese government, to the effect that Korea-Japan relations could be settled as same as the Japanese armed forces will have been sufficiently strengthened.
Moreover, it is highly doubtful if Japan meets the other pre-requisite, closely related to the former, of being a genuine anti-communist nation. The increasing tendency of the Japanese Government to seek friendly relations with Soviet Russia, Red China and even North Korea puppet regime should be most significant in judging the Japanese position in our common struggle against Communist totalitarianism. Japan is now drifting toward neutralism with the belief that it serves her interest best. The surging anti-Americanism, in contrast to the ever increasing friendly gestures in favor of Communist causes(e. g. the recent Japanese Government's appeal to out- law atomic weapon and ban hydrogen-bomb test), is clearly indicative of the direction of the Japan's future course.
The brief occupation of Japan by United States Forces has not brought about a reborn Japan that loves freedom and peace. Japan is essentially an imperialistic and totalitarian nation. Like Communist, they respect only power and aspire at conquest. It is only when she has no big sword to brandish that she remains decile and appear to be peace-loving. Her history abundantly attests to thia and we Koreans personally experienced this truth beyond any shadow of doubt.
Thanks to the United States' leniency and also to the Korean War, Japan has been completely rehabilitated even to above the pre-war level. What benefit will it be for the free would, if Japan uses her regained power for her own hegotistic ends, probably in collaboration with the Communists as she did with Nazism in the last war? Again, what real strength could be added to the defense of the free world, if Korea is superficially allied with Japan on the basis of spurious friendship? I fear that Japan will again prove to be a menace,rather than a dependable ally, to the free world, especially to Asiatic countries and the United States, if her present tendency is not effectively checked before it is too late.
Please let me reiterate that Japan, sitting on the fence and seeking to exploit whatever chance for her own imperialistic ends, could never be a material help to the defense of the free world. I earnestly hope that the United States Government will expert its prestige and influence to check the current dangerous tendency of Japan before, too late for the common interest of the nations concerned and of the free world at large.
I would like, Mr. Secretary, to make it clear that for the Korean Government there can be no possiblity whatever of considering a friendly settlement of the outstanding problems with Japan so long as she continues to claim fantastic property rights to this country and maintains her aggressive intensions against us. We will, however, await a complete change of Japanese attitude evidenced by deeds, and in that event we will be ready to enter into talks with Japan for possible future friendship between the two countries.
Can we have friendly relations with this unchanged old Japan? They still do not renounce the notorious claim to "return" eight-five per cent of our property to Japan. I assure you, Mr. Secretary, there can be no friendship for Korea upon this basis with Japan. If this claim were ever met, it could be nothing but Korea's re-subjugation by Japan. It is, therefore, absolutely necessary that Japan respect the Korea's independence and honour her pledge made in the Peace Treaty in respect to Korea before any friendship any between Korea and Japan can be seriously discussed. We also think the United States Government as a party to the San Francisco Peace Treaty has a moral, if not legal, obligation to see to Japanese observance of the Peace Treaty terms pertaining to Korea in the interest of the close friendship of our two countries and of would ▣...▣ derend ▣...▣ and ▣...▣
We earnestly request the U. S. Government to make a strong and rightful demand upon the Japanese Government to carry out the terms of San Francisco Treaty in respect to Korea. We honestly believe it is a wisdom, as well as an obligation,on the part of U. S. A. to make Japan to observe her treaty obligation to Korea.
Accept, Excellency, the assurance of my highest consideration.
Chung W. Cho
Acting Minister
His Excellency
John Foster Dulles
Secretary of State
United States of America
Washington D. C.
I have the honor again ti refer to the Korea-Japan relations and to discuss some basic aspects of the problem, having an intense apprehension that the growing arrogance of Japan toward Korea, if left unchecked,would cannot endanger the very independence of the Republic of Korea.
We have been repeatedly advised of your Government's desire to see friendly relations established between Korea and Japan and also of your Government's willingness to render good offices, if necessary, for bringing this about,of which we are deeply appreciatives. Apart from the general desirability of having two neighbouring countries on friendly terms, the particular importance attached to the thought seems to be that with Korea and Japan closely tied together the defense of the free world in the Far East would be greatly strengthened. This is of course highly desirable and my Government hs been patiently endeavouring for the achivement of this desideratum thus far.
As things are now, however, this desideratum seems more apparent than real. In order to achieve this, two prerequisites must be met: First, there must be developed between the two countries a genuine friendship; and secondly, Japan must be a nation genuinely and unequivocaly anti-communist. For the achievement of the first requisite, there has to be a genuine mutual desire to foster friendship, absolutly devoid of any harmful intensions against the other. An open lip-service to the cause of friendship accompanied by surreptitious contrivance to undermine the very neighbour whose friendship is avowedly cherished is worse than useless. Korea had this sort of friendship offered by Japan half a century ago and since learned costly lessons through bitter experiences of forty years of alavery under the Japanese "friendship and dispensation of benefits."
When we started the Korea-Japan talks in 1951, we wished to lay a firm basic upon which the future friendly relations between the two countries could be built. With the liquidation of the vestiges of the Japanese domonation of Korea ▣ it ▣...▣ just solution of various problems arising from the new relations between the two countries. We expected perhaps naively same evidence of the sincere desire on the part of Japan for a genuine friendship, if not repentance. However, to our disappointment and regret, we found the self-same old imperialistic Japan.
Japan claimed eight-five per cent of the whole property of this country, despite her solemn pledge in the San Francisco Treaty to "renounce all right, title and claim to Korea" and to recognize the validity of dispositions of Japanese property by the United States Military Government in Korea. This is exemplary of the Japanese duplicity and her dual way of behaviour toward the stronger and the weaker. The renascent Japanese aggressive intention toward Korea has been made more expressly manifest by the ignominious Kuboda statement and subequent numerous statement by responsible officials of the Japanese government, to the effect that Korea-Japan relations could be settled as same as the Japanese armed forces will have been sufficiently strengthened.
Moreover, it is highly doubtful if Japan meets the other pre-requisite, closely related to the former, of being a genuine anti-communist nation. The increasing tendency of the Japanese Government to seek friendly relations with Soviet Russia, Red China and even North Korea puppet regime should be most significant in judging the Japanese position in our common struggle against Communist totalitarianism. Japan is now drifting toward neutralism with the belief that it serves her interest best. The surging anti-Americanism, in contrast to the ever increasing friendly gestures in favor of Communist causes(e. g. the recent Japanese Government's appeal to out- law atomic weapon and ban hydrogen-bomb test), is clearly indicative of the direction of the Japan's future course.
The brief occupation of Japan by United States Forces has not brought about a reborn Japan that loves freedom and peace. Japan is essentially an imperialistic and totalitarian nation. Like Communist, they respect only power and aspire at conquest. It is only when she has no big sword to brandish that she remains decile and appear to be peace-loving. Her history abundantly attests to thia and we Koreans personally experienced this truth beyond any shadow of doubt.
Thanks to the United States' leniency and also to the Korean War, Japan has been completely rehabilitated even to above the pre-war level. What benefit will it be for the free would, if Japan uses her regained power for her own hegotistic ends, probably in collaboration with the Communists as she did with Nazism in the last war? Again, what real strength could be added to the defense of the free world, if Korea is superficially allied with Japan on the basis of spurious friendship? I fear that Japan will again prove to be a menace,rather than a dependable ally, to the free world, especially to Asiatic countries and the United States, if her present tendency is not effectively checked before it is too late.
Please let me reiterate that Japan, sitting on the fence and seeking to exploit whatever chance for her own imperialistic ends, could never be a material help to the defense of the free world. I earnestly hope that the United States Government will expert its prestige and influence to check the current dangerous tendency of Japan before, too late for the common interest of the nations concerned and of the free world at large.
I would like, Mr. Secretary, to make it clear that for the Korean Government there can be no possiblity whatever of considering a friendly settlement of the outstanding problems with Japan so long as she continues to claim fantastic property rights to this country and maintains her aggressive intensions against us. We will, however, await a complete change of Japanese attitude evidenced by deeds, and in that event we will be ready to enter into talks with Japan for possible future friendship between the two countries.
Can we have friendly relations with this unchanged old Japan? They still do not renounce the notorious claim to "return" eight-five per cent of our property to Japan. I assure you, Mr. Secretary, there can be no friendship for Korea upon this basis with Japan. If this claim were ever met, it could be nothing but Korea's re-subjugation by Japan. It is, therefore, absolutely necessary that Japan respect the Korea's independence and honour her pledge made in the Peace Treaty in respect to Korea before any friendship any between Korea and Japan can be seriously discussed. We also think the United States Government as a party to the San Francisco Peace Treaty has a moral, if not legal, obligation to see to Japanese observance of the Peace Treaty terms pertaining to Korea in the interest of the close friendship of our two countries and of would ▣...▣ derend ▣...▣ and ▣...▣
We earnestly request the U. S. Government to make a strong and rightful demand upon the Japanese Government to carry out the terms of San Francisco Treaty in respect to Korea. We honestly believe it is a wisdom, as well as an obligation,on the part of U. S. A. to make Japan to observe her treaty obligation to Korea.
Accept, Excellency, the assurance of my highest consideration.
Chung W. Cho
Acting Minister
His Excellency
John Foster Dulles
Secretary of State
United States of America
Washington D. C.
색인어
- 지명
- Korea, Japan, Japan, Korea, the Republic of Korea, Korea, Japan, Korea, Japan, Far East, Japan, Korea, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, Korea, Korea, Japan, Japan, Soviet Russia, Red China, North Korea, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, the United States, Japan, Japan, Korea, Japan, the United States, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, Japan, Korea, Korea, Korea, Japan, Korea, Korea, U. S. A., Japan, Korea
- 관서
- United States Military Government in Korea, Japanese government, Japanese armed forces, the Japanese Government, Japanese Government, United States Forces, United States Government, the Korean Government, the United States Government, the U. S. Government, the Japanese Government
- 기타
- San Francisco Treaty, the Peace Treaty, the San Francisco Peace Treaty, the Peace Treaty, San Francisco Treaty
