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한일회담외교문서

한일관계에 대한 한국측 입장 요약

  • 작성자
    외무부
  • 날짜
    1957년 9월 1일
  • 문서종류
    보고서
  • 형태사항
    영어 
September 1. 1957
SUMMARY KOREAN VIEW OF KOREA-JAPAN RELATIONS
The Republic of Korea, earnestly hoping to lay down the foundation for a friendly future relationship with Japan, participated in a series of three Korea-Japan conferences during the period of 1951 - 1953. In the course of the conferences, however, it gradually came to light that the real intention of Japan was to retain the fruits of its long domination of Korea as much as possible, and to delay the settlement of the various outstanding problems at issue in the belief that passage of time and restoration of sovereignty would place Japan in a much stronger bargaining position.
Such an insincere and unjust attitude on the part of Japan culminated in its fantastic claims to some 85% of Korean properties and the so-called Kubota statement challenging the very existence of the Republic of Korea and asserting that Japanese occupation of Korea for 36 years had been "benevolent and beneficial" to Korea. Confronted with thin arrogant and absurd Japanese attitude, the sincere expectation on the part of Korea to seek an early normalization of relations with Japan came to be completely frustrated.
Some of the problems outstanding between Korea and Japan which constituted the main points of discussion in the Korea-Japan conferences in 1951 - 53 are as follows:
1) Property Rights and Claims;
In the Korean view, this issue should naturally be limited to Korean claims against Japan in the character of restitution and compensation such as the return of gold and silver bullion, art and literary treasures taken to Japan, liquidation of outstanding bank deposits and unpaid wages to Korean labor draftees, etc. (Please refer to pp.15 -16 of Attached Papers.)
As for the former Japanese properties in Korea, they were vested in and awned by the United States Military Government in Korea in pursuant to its Ordinance No.33 and were later transferred in full to the Korean Government in accordance with the ROK-US Initial Financial and Property Settlement Agreement. There could be no doubt as to the full legality and validity of this disposition since the Japanese themselves irretrievably recognized it by signing the San Francisco Peace Treaty. Neverthless, the Japanese delegation, apparently with a view to offsetting, or at least outting down, the well-founded and fully justifiable Korean claims against Japan, brought up an illegal and illogical claim to their former properties in Korea. (Please refer to pp. 9-14, op. cit.)
2) Peace Line and Fisheries Problem;
By virtue of the stipulations of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, Japan was placed under obligation to conclude a fishery agreement with Korea. However, the Japanese Government, instead of showing any sincerity for living up to its international obligations, bitterly denounces the Peace Line which has been proclaimed by the Korean Government as an indispensable measure to protect marine resources in Korean coastal seas from untrammeled and depredatory exploitation by the Japanese fishermen, to prevent possible frictions and clashes between Korean and Japanese fishermen with a view to ensuring a lasting peace between the two countries, and to maintain sea defense against communist aggression and against infiltration of spies and smugglers.
If the Japanese were interested in good relations with Korea and symphathetic to the letter's sacrificial struggle against communist invasion, they would no doubt welcome such measures and willingly cooperate with Korea by signing a fisheries agreement.
On the contrary, the Japanese Government not only refuses to recognize the Peace Line but also actively encourages its people to violate it. Some Japanese leaders even avow that the Peace Line problem can be settled along with the growing of Japanese armed strength. (Please refer to pp. 18-29, op. cit.)
3) The Status of Korean Residents in Japan and Detainee Problem;
It is a matter of serious concern to the Korean Government that more than 600,000 Koreans have been residing in Japan under the prejudiced and suppressive policies of the Japanese Government. In considering this problem, it must be recalled that, during forty years of Japanese domination of Korea, hundreds of thousands of Koreans, deprived of their rights of employment in the home-land, were compelled to go to Japan to work in Japanese industries, and, later with the breakout of the Pacific War, were forcibly drafted into the Japanese armed forces and stationed in Japan.
Taking into account of the causes of Koreans migration to Japan, those Koreans in Japan should be given special consideration in treatment by the Japanese Government. However, the Japanese Government detained in the Omura camp many of legal Korean residents without due process of law and tried to deport them unilatrally. Furthermore, these Koreans have been detained under such harsh treatment as is reminiscent of that in the notorious Japanese "death camps" of the World War II period. Compared to this, the Japanese fishermen, now held in the Pusan camp after serving out their sentences for violating the Korean law of Conservation of Fishery, are, as the International Red Cross noted, under the most generous and decent treatment by the Korean Government.
Even after the breakdown of Korea-Japan conferences, Korea has consistently and patiently sought to reach an equitable agreement to mutually release the detainees. But these efforts were futile because the Japanese Government betrayingly disavowed its own agreements, -- two times:-- with the Korean side on this problem.
(Please refer to pp. 29-33, op. cit.)
4) Present Stage of Korea-Japan Talks;
In the spring of 1956, Korea renewed its efforts to resume the deadlocked Korea-Japan conference. Since it believed that the mere repetition of holding formal conferences without prior adjustment of certain differences of opinions on the various outstanding problems would go little toward an overall settlement and ultimate normalization of relations, the Korean Government deemed it indispensable to previously outline some fundamental principles on which the conference, if convened, would proceed. Thus, informal approaches have been made between the representatives of the two Governments to pave the way for the resumption of formal Korea-Japan conference, and to effect the mutual release of detainees held in both Korea and Japan.
Throughout the informal talks held during 17 months up to now, the Japanese side has not shown adequate enthusiasm and sincerity for the overall settlement, but only concentrating its efforts on the repatriation of their fishermen now held in Pusan. As for the withdrawal of its illegal and unreasonable claims to their former properties in Korea, the Japanese Government insists that this be done only on the basis of the so-called U.S. Memorandum, because they probably believe that if their insistence is upheld, they may have a ground for asserting that a part of Korean claims against Japan is extinguished as a result of this withdrawal. However, in view of the utter absurdity of Japan's claims to its former properties in Korea, and further judging from the spirit underlying the stipulations of Article 4 of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, it is indisputable that Japan's withdrawal of its claims can by no means affect the Korean claims against Japan. (Please refer to pp.34 - 41, op. cit.)
5) As the above-listed facts unequivocally indicate, it is crystal clear that Japan balks at every opportunity to reach an overall settlement with Korea on the long-pending problems at issues. With a view to impressing the outsiders, particularly the United States, as if it were striving in every way to come to terms with Korea, the Japanese Government invariably propagates that it is bent on establishing a normal and friendly relations with Korea. For Korea, however, there is only insincerity, duplicity, outright betrayal, and the never-ceasing attempt to place all the blames on the Korean side.
There is gradually growing up, on the part of Japan, an attitude of imperialistic haughtiness with the same old flavor. It is certainly linked to Japan's calculated step recently to advance once again to the Southeast Asian area -- a step clearly indicative of the revival of Japan's imperialistic ambition. In the Korea-Japan negotiations, such a Japanese attitude is also reflected, the highlights of which, revealing Japan's real intention in matters relating to Korea as well as Asia in general, are elaborated in the Attached Papers.
Obviously, there is nothing for Korea to do to improve the impassed Korea-Japan relations, unless Japan changes its basic attitude toward Korea and evince a genuine sincerity to bring about settlement to the pending problems existing between Korea and Japan on the basis of fairness and justice. (Please refer to pp. 42 - 54, op. cit.)

색인어
지명
The Republic of Korea, Japan, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Korea, Korea, Korea, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, Japan, Korea, Japan, Korea, Japan, Korea, Korea, Korea, Japan, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, Japan, Japan, Omura, Pusan, Korea, Korea, Korea, Japan, Pusan, Korea, Japan, Korea, Japan, Japan, Korea, the United States, Korea, Korea, Japan, the Southeast Asian area, Korea, Asia, Korea, Japan, Korea, Korea, Japan
관서
the United States Military Government in Korea, the Korean Government, Japanese Government, the Korean Government, the Japanese Government, the Korean Government, the Japanese Government, the Japanese Government, the Japanese Government, the Korean Government, the Japanese Government, the Korean Government, the Japanese Government, the Japanese Government
단체
the International Red Cross
문서
ROK-US Initial Financial and Property Settlement Agreement, U.S. Memorandum
기타
Kubota statement, the San Francisco Peace Treaty, the San Francisco Peace Treaty, the Peace Line, the Korean law of Conservation of Fishery, the San Francisco Peace Treaty
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한일관계에 대한 한국측 입장 요약 자료번호 : kj.d_0005_0030_0230