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근대한국외교문서

Darling 함장 Eliott의 해임 경위 보고

제2차 조약 체결 과정
  • 발신자
    H.S. Parkes
  • 수신자
    G.L.G. Granville
  • 발송일
    1883년 4월 20일(음)(1883년 4월 20일)
  • 수신일
    1883년 6월 4일(음)(1883년 6월 4일)
  • 출전
    FO 405/33; AADM 210-15.
Sir H.S. Parkes to Earl Granville.―(Received June 4)

(No. 58)
Tôkiô, April 20, 1883

My Lord,

IN my despatch No. 49 of the 13th instant I reported to your Lordship that Vice-Admiral Willes had ordered Commander Eliott to proceed with the “Daring,” the ship under his command, to Corea to relieve the “Moorhen,” which had conveyed Mr. Aston there, that I had thanked the Vice-Admiral for having afforded me this opportunity of communicating with Mr. Aston, and that I had requested Commander Eliott to receive my despatches for Mr. Aston at Nagasaki, at which port I understood he would have to call in order to fill up with coal.
For convenience of reference, I beg again to inclose copies of the two letters I inclosed in my previous despatch, one to the Vice-Admiral thanking him for this means of communication with Mr. Aston, the other to Commander Eliott, requesting him to receive my despatches for that officer.
I now greatly regret to have to inform your Lordship that I have received a reply from Vice-Admiral Willes, of which I inclose a copy, stating that by requesting Commander Eliott to visit Nagasaki I had caused him to disobey his (the Admiral’s) stringent orders against touching at that port, and that Commander Eliott could have received my letters equally well at Simonoseki, as that port is in the direct route to Jinchuen (Chemulpho). The Admiral adds that Commander Eliott will be removed from the position of Senior Officer in Japan immediately he returns from Corea.
Your Lordship, I feel assured, will readily understand that it has occasioned me much pain to learn that I have been the cause of this severe censure being passed upon that officer, and from a feeling of justice to Commander Eliott, who appears to have been thus punished for complying with a service request of mine of a very simple nature, and also from a sense of the wrong done to myself as Her Majesty’s Minister in being thus publicly discredited in making that request, I have felt compelled to address Vice-Admiral Willes the accompanying despatch, in which I have protested against this sentence, and have informed him that I shall appeal against it to your Lordship.
My action, which Vice-Admiral Willes has thus condemned, consists solely in my having requested Commander Eliott to receive at Nagasaki the despatches which I wished to be conveyed to Mr. Aston. In accordance with the Admiral’s orders, the “Daring” left Yokohama very suddenly, and I could not have prepared those despatches, for which I required to obtain some information, before she took her departure. This circumstance, however, occasioned me no inconvenience, as I knew that letters forwarded by the Japanese mail-steamer four days after the “Daring” departure would be delivered at Nagasaki, owing to the slower speed of the latter vessel, as soon as she would arrive there. I did not actually request Commander Eliott to visit Nagasaki, because I understood from him that he would be obliged to call at the port for coal, and I had therefore only to beg him (as your Lordship will perceive from my letter) not to leave Nagasaki before the arrival there of my letter for Mr. Aston, which would be sent by the mail-steamer.
But the Vice-Admiral states in his letter to me that, by requesting Commander Eliott to visit Nagasaki, I caused him to disobey his (the Admiral’s) stringent orders against his touching at that port. Now, the orders which were shown me by Commander Eliott are those which I inclose, and your Lordship will perceive that they do not contain a word against his touching at Nagasaki. Commander Eliott being absent, I cannot now ascertain whether he had received any further directions than these; but, being thereby instructed to inform me of the nature of his order, he would, I presume, have communicated to me any instructions forbidding him to visit Nagasaki when engaged on this service if he had been in possession of such orders.
Had I been made acquainted with their existence, I should, of course, have respected them, and should in that case have requested Commander Eliott to receive my despatches at Kobê, which would have involved a delay of twenty-four hours (he having left that port on the morning of the 29th March, and the mail-steamer having arrived there on the morning of the 30th). But I named Nagasaki because I understood that the “Daring” must call there for coal. For the same reason I had sent Mr. Aston to Nagasaki to meet the ‘Moorhen’ and the Admiral in his communications with myself had distinctly approved of the latter vessel going there. Why the “Moorhen” should have been authorized by the Admiral to call at Nagasaki, and the “Daring” “stringently ordered” not to call there, is entirely unknown to me, though, seeing that both these vessels have been sent to Corea to enable me to carry out the instructions I have received from your Lordship, I think that it would not only have been considerate, but right, that the Commander-in-chief should have apprised me of any orders he saw fit to issue for the regulation of the movements of those vessels.
It is not for me to judge of the requirements of Her Majesty’s ships in regard to supplies of fuel, and I do not for a moment pretend to do so, but it would surprise me to learn that it was not deemed necessary or judicious for a gun-vessel to fill up with coal at the last available point of departure from Japan after being more than a week at sea (the time occupied by the “Daring” in getting as far on her voyage as Simonoseki, which is about 130 miles distant from Nagasaki), and being bound to a country where coal is wholly unobtainable, and where, in taking up the duties of the “Moorhen,” she would have to convey Mr. Aston to one or more ports in that country, which are situated at a considerable distance apart.
I have pointed out in my despatch to the Vice-Admiral that his Excellency is mistaken in stating that Commander Eliott could have received my letters equally well at Simonoseki. I have no right to ask the master of a Japanese mail-steamer to drop letter for me at a Japanese town which is not opened to foreign trade; if he had been willing to take them, he could only have intrusted them to some irresponsible Japanese on passing Simonoseki, and the liability of mistake or misdelivery is in that case obvious. To have placed them in the charge of Japanese officials would have required a correspondence on my part with the Japanese Government, which was also unadvisable. Such a course, indeed, would never have occurred to me, and if I had known that the “Daring” was forbidden to call at Nagasaki I should, as I have already observed, have sent my letter to Kobé.
I greatly regret to have to trouble your Lordship with details of such minor moment, and in particular to have to report that so small a question should have occasioned a misunderstanding between the Commander-in-chief and myself; but the painful position in which I am placed by an act of mine being assigned as the cause of the Senior Naval Officer in this country having been removed from his post will not permit me to accept His Excellency’s judgment, as it imposes upon that officer the blame which, if any is due, should fall upon myself. I trust, therefore, that your Lordship will allow the case to be submitted to the consideration of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, and to their decision and that of your Lordship I shall, of course, readily submit. I do not wish to dwell upon the feeling, though it is disadvantageous in the interests of the public service, which I cannot but perceive the Vice-Admiral’s action in this matter denotes. As I have observed to the latter in my letter, he has unfavourably construed my proceedings in the only two instances in which, in the execution of a public duty, I have had occasion to seek his co-operation. In the first of these, the visit of Her Majesty’s ship “Flying Fish” to Corea in July last, your Lordship was so good as to approve my proceedings by your despatch No. 89 of the 10th October, and I shall also hope to be sustained by your Lordship in the present case. The regret which this misunderstanding causes me is materially increased by the reflection that during the course of my eighteen years’ service at this post, during which period I have had the pleasure of being associated with seven Commanders-in-chief prior to the appointment to this command of Vice-Admiral Willes, I have never had a difference with any of those officers, either on public or private grounds, and it is painful to me to find that at this stage of my service I should be exposed to this unpleasant experience.

I have, &c.
(Signed) HARRY S. PARKES

Inclosure 1

Sir H.S. Parkes to Vice-Admiral Willes.

Tôkiô, March 24, 1883
Sir,

COMMANDER ELIOTT has informed me of the nature of your orders, dated the 12th instant, in which you direct him to proceed to Jincheun (Chemulpho) to relieve Her Majesty’s ship “Moorhen.”
I feel that I should thank your Excellency for furnishing me with such a good opportunity of communicating with Mr. Aston, and I inclose a copy of a letter in which I have ventured to request Commander Eliott's assistance in that object.

I have, &c.
(Signed) HARRY S. PARKES

Inclosure 2

Sir H.S. Parkes to Commander Eliott.

Tôkiô, March 24, 1883
Sir,

I HAVE to thank you for having informed me that you have been instructed by His Excellency the Commander-in-chief to proceed in Her Majesty’s ship “Daring,” after her defects have been made good, to Jinchuen (Chemulpho), to take up the duty now being performed by Her Majesty’s ship “Moorhen,” which will then return to Kobé. You have also apprised me that you will be ready to sail to-morrow.
I feel indebted to the Commander-in-chief for an arrangement which enables me to maintain communications with Mr. Aston, and in furtherance of this object I beg to make the following requests:-
1. That you should call at Kobé on your way through the Inland Sea for any letters for Mr. Aston that Her Majesty’s Acting Consul at that port may desire to send.
2. That you should not leave Nagasaki before the arrival there of any letters for Mr. Aston, which I shall send under cover to Her Majesty’s Acting Consul at that port by the Mitsu Bishi mail-steamer leaving Yokohama on the 28th instant, and which steamer will probably arrive at Nagasaki simultaneously with yourself.
3. That you will allow Mr. Aston sufficient time to communicate with me by Her Majesty’s ship “Moorhen” before you send that vessel away from Chemulpho.
As Mr. Aston may be at the capital when you arrive at that anchorage, and as he will not be expecting your arrival, communication with him may not be easy, and may possibly involve delay, if he is allowed to take full advantage of such a good opportunity of reporting proceedings.

I have, &c.
(Signed) HARRY S. PARKES

Inclosure 3

Vice-Admiral Willes to Sir H.S. Parkes.

“Audacious,” at Hong kong, April 5, 1883
Sir,

I HAVE the Honour to acknowledged the receipt of your letter, dated the 24th ultimo, inclosing a copy of your letter to Commander Eliott, of Her Majesty’s ship “Daring.”
I am glad that you found it convenient to send your despatches by that vessel; but your Excellency will, I feel sure, regret that, by requesting Commander Eliott to visit Nagasaki, you caused him to disobey my stringent orders against his touching at that port, and Commander Eliott could have received your letters equally well at Simonoseki, that port being in the direct route to Jinchuen.
Commander Eliott will be removed from the position of Senior Officer in Japan immediately he returns from Corea.

I have, &c.
(Signed) GEORGE O. WILLES

Inclosure 4

Sir H.S. Parkes to Vice-Admiral Willes.

Tôkiô, April 18, 1883
Sir,

I HAD the honour to receive yesterday your despatch of the 5th instant, in which you state that, by requesting Commander Eliott to visit Nagasaki, I had caused him to disobey your stringent orders against touching at the port, that he could have received my letters equally well at Simonoseki, and that he will be removed from the position of Senior Naval Officer in Japan directly he returns from Corea.
Apart from the painful position in which I am placed by your having thus severely censured an officer under your command for having aided me in the execution of a public duty, I cannot but perceive that that censure is directed against myself as well as against Commander Eliott, and believing it to be wholly unmerited, I feel that I should not allow it to pass without protest and appeal to a higher judgment than that of your Excellency.
I am therefore obliged to note in detail my proceedings in this matter, although I am sensible that these only derive importance from the unfortunate result to which they have led, and I shall proceed to show in this letter:-
That I had no knowledge of Your Excellency’s stringent orders against the “Daring” touching at Nagasaki which I now learn have been disobeyed;
That it was because I understood that the “Daring” was obliged to touch at Nagasaki to fill up with coal that I requested Commander Eliott to receive at that port my letters for Mr. Aston;
That the first vessel sent on this service (the “Moorhen”) had touched at Nagasaki for coal in the same way, and that Your Excellency had approved of her doing so; and
That Your Excellency is wholly misinformed in stating that Commander Eliott could have received my letters equally well at Simonoseki.
Your Excellency will remember that when I suggested, for your consideration, in my despatch of the 21st February, that, in view of the difficulty of estimating the duration of Mr. Aston’s stay in Corea, it might be desirable to send a second vessel in order to secure means of communication, your Excellency replied, in your despatch of the 28th February, that it did not appear to you necessary to dispatch a second vessel on that service.
I was agreeably surprised, therefore, when Commander Eliott called on me on the 23rd March, and showed me your Excellency’s orders of the 12th of that month, directing him to proceed to Jinchuen to take up the duty being there performed by the “Moorhen,” and to communicate to me the nature of your orders.
On reading these orders, which did not contain a word against the “Daring” touching at Nagasaki, I asked Commander Eliott when he would proceed, and what course he would take. He replied that he would be ready for sea early on the 25th, that he would go through the Inland Sea, and that, expecting to meet with strong westerly winds, it would be necessary to call at Nagasaki for coal. I then made to him, verbally, the requests which I repeated in my letter of the following day (referred to in your despatch under acknowledgement), namely, that on passing Kobe. He should call for letters for Mr. Aston from the officer acting for Mr. Aston as Her Majesty’s Consul at that port, and that he should not leave Nagasaki before the arrival there of my despatches for Mr. Aston, which might be expected to reach the latter port as soon as the “Daring,” by the Japanese mail-steamer leaving Yokohama on the 28th March.
In my telegrams to Your Excellency of the 28th February and 4th March I requested that the vessel which was being sent with Mr. Aston to Corea (the “Moorhen”) should call at Nagasaki to embark that officer and the Corean functionaries who accompanied him, and who overtook her at Nagasaki in the same way that my letters overtook the “Daring.” Your Excellency approved of the “Moorhen” calling at Nagasaki, and I had no reason to suppose that the course approved by you in the case of that vessel would be disapproved in the case of the “Daring.”
I regret that Your Excellency did not apprise me of your “stringent orders” against the “Daring” touching at Nagasaki, as, if I had been acquainted with them, I should not have sent my despatches for Mr. Aston to that port, but should have requested Commander Eliott to wait for them at Kobe. This would have involved a delay at the latter port of about thirty-six hours; but I presume that your Excellency in sending a second vessel to Corea intended to afford me an opportunity of communicating with Mr. Aston, and the short and unexpected notice (twenty-four hours) given me of the departure of the “Daring” from Yokohama did not permit of my preparing in that interval the despatches which I wished Commander Eliott to convey.
Owing to bad weather which the “Daring” encountered in the Inland Sea after leaving Kobé, she did not arrive at Nagasaki until three days after the Japanese mail which carried there my despatches for Mr. Aston, and I am informed by Her Majesty’s Consul at that port that in less than twenty-four hours, or as soon as he could possibly take on board the coal which he required, Commander Eliott left again for Corea.
It is not for me to judge whether it was necessary or not that one of Her Majesty’s ships going to a country where coal is wholly unobtainable, and being charged with the duty of conveying a public officer to several points in that country, should fill up with coal at the last point of departure after having been some time at sea, and having therefore reduced her supply of fuel; but I must distinctly repeat that, in sending my despatches for Mr. Aston to Nagasaki, I acted on the understanding that it was considered requisite that the “Daring” should coal at the port, and that I was wholly unaware that your Excellency had ordered that vessel not to touch there.
Your Excellency, I beg to point out, is mistaken in supposing that Commander Eliott could have received those despatches equally well at Simonoseki. That port is not open to foreign intercourse, and I do not see how the safe delivery of my despatches to Commander Eliott could have been secured unless the “Daring” had chanced to be waiting at anchor off that town when the mail-steamer passed through the Straits, and unless I had succeeded in making some special arrangement for their delivery through the intervention of the Japanese authorities, which would, at least, have involved prior official correspondence. It would certainly have been preferable, therefore, to send my despatches to Kobe if the “Daring” was not to call at Nagasaki. As a fact, the mail-steamer passed through the Straits of Simonoseki several days before the “Daring” arrived there.
I am unwillingly compelled to enter into these particulars because, in sending to Earl Granville, as it is my duty to do, a copy of Your Excellency’s despatch of the 5th instant, I consider that I should accompany it with the vindication of my proceeding which I submit this letter contains.
The regret which Your Excellency justly thinks I should feel on learning that by an act of mine your orders have been disobeyed goes further than Your Excellency implies. Having been kept in ignorance of those orders by Your Excellency, I cannot be responsible for their infringement; but I do deeply regret that for such a simple act as requesting Commander Eliott to receive my despatches for Mr. Aston at Nagasaki when he called at that port for coal, Your Excellency should have seen fit to discredit me as Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and to visit Commander Eliott with so sever a penalty because he complied with that simple request.
My regret is further increased by the reflection that on the only two occasions on which I have had to seek Your Excellency’s co-operation in carrying out the public service in this country, namely, that of the visit of Her Majesty’s ship “Flying Fish” to Corea in July last, and the present instance, you have unfavourably construed my action, and have obliged me in both these cases to trouble Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State with an explanation of my proceedings. I am not at liberty to speak in defence of a naval officer who has fallen under your censure; but Your Excellency must be sensible of the pain I feel on learning that that censure was occasioned by an act of mine, and if it is only on account of that act that Commander Eliott has been thus blamed, and if any blame has been justly incurred in this case, I shall trust that the Home authorities will allow it to fall wholly upon myself, and not in any degree on that officer.

I have, &c.
(Signed) HARRY S. PARKES

Inclosure 5

“Audacious,” at Hong kong, March 12, 1883
(Memo)
WITH reference to telegram relating to the visit of a vessel of war to the Corea to convey Mr. Aston on a mission to that country, I acquaint you that I desire to be informed of the orders which you have given to the “Moorhen” in consequence of my telegram to you to place her at the disposal of Her Majesty’s Minister.
So soon as the “Daring” is ready for sea, after her defects have been made good at Yokoska, you will proceed to Jinchuen in the “Daring” and take up the duty which is there being performed by the “Moorhen,” dispatching the latter vessel to Kobe, if you do not require her services in Corean waters.
You will communicate with Her Majesty’s Minister, and inform him of the nature of your orders.
You will telegraph to me the date (when fixed) of your intended departure from Japan.
You will bear in mind that fresh provisions are not easily obtained in the Corea, the supply being doubtful.

(Signed) GEORGE O. WILLES, Vice-admiral,
Commander-in-chief
To Commander Eliott,
Her Majesty’s ship “Daring”
(At present Senior Naval officer in Japan)

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이름
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지명
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Darling 함장 Eliott의 해임 경위 보고 자료번호 : gk.d_0007_1340