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Navy Department
Washington, October 29th 1878
Commodore
R.W. Shufeldt
U.S. Flagship Ticonderoga
Special Services
Sir:
The Department having the fullest confidence in your capacity, discretion and [ _____ ] fitness for the duty, directs that so soon as the Ticonderoga Commander Bartlett J. Cromwell, is prepared for sea you proceed with her to the unfrequented ports of Africa, Asia, the islands of the Indian Ocean, and the adjacent seas particularly where there are at present no American commercial representations with a view to the encouragement and extension of American commerce. While of course in the performance of this special service much must be left to your own discretion, both as regards the ports visited and your intercourse with the inhabitants, yet you will have no difficulty in ascertaining the main and important objects of the Department in fitting out this expedition. You will be expected-
First to report upon the articles of export and import, and the commercial facilities afforded by the laws of the respective countries and in the ports of entry.
Second to encourage and extend American influence by visiting countries where, like Liberia, we already have treaty relations; or like Muscat and Zanzibar, our treaties may need revision.
Third to come in contact with tribes or the coast of Africa not already under the control of European powers, for the purpose of familiarizing them with the advantages of trade with the United States.
Fourth to visit Madagascar and Burmah, at which latter place it is said an American citizen is now or has lately been maltreated.
Fifth to circumnavigate the island of Borneo and to have an interview with its Sultan. This immense island has but two foreign trading ports upon its two thousand miles of coast, Labuan and Sarawak. Both British and Americans have from time to time attempted the establishment of trading stations with the consent of the reigning Sultan, but have failed as it is alleged for want of protection. These fats will command your attention.
Sixth to visit some part of the Corea with the endeavor to re-open by peaceful measures, negotiation with that government. It is believed that the attack upon the Corean ports in 1871 is susceptible of satisfactory explanation and that a moderate and conciliatory course towards the government would result in opening the port of that country to American commerce. You will give special consideration to the subject.
Seventh to rectify errors when they are found to exert in latitude and longitude, to make sailing directions, to take tracings of unexplored coasts, and in every way possible to add to scientific knowledge, and give additional security to navigation in the seas visited.
You will also, if desired by the State Department, make reports in reference to the condition of all consulates in the ports of the world visited, or any such other information as that Department may desire.
The cruise thus designated will take the Ticonderoga along the line of the west and east coasts of Africa and by the adjacent islands, to Burmah, British East India and Borneo, thence through the Java seas to New Guinea and the surrounding islands, thence to the Corean and the China seas and thence home by way of the Pacific Islands and South America or by the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean as the Department may hereafter direct. It is supposed that it will occupy eighteen months or two years.
In April last, the British government through the Secretary of State expressed a desire that a naval officer of the United States should be dictated to act as arbitrator in a pending question between that Government and Liberia with regard to the northwest boundary between Liberia and the British possessions in conjunction with each officials as may be designed by her Majesty’s Government. For this purpose the Department on April 5, 1878 designed Commander Robert F. Bradford commanding the U.S.S. Marion to act as such arbiter, and directed him to proceed to Gibraltar with the Marion and await further instructions. It has been indicated by the British authorities that this commissioner would meet in the first instance at Monrovia or Sierra Leone and although it was then contemplated that it should meet as soon as possible thereafter, the Department has since been notified, through the State Department, that it has been deferred until the month of January next. In the mean time, the Department has ordered Commander Bradford to return with the Marion to the United States and he either now is, or soon will be on his homeward cruise. It is, therefore, rendered necessary that some other officer shall be substituted for him, and the Department has decided to confide this duty to you. You will, consequently, upon reaching the coast of Africa put yourself in communication with the British authorities, and act in conjunction with the commissioner designated by them for this purpose.
In as much as the duties here assigned you are special in their nature you will consider yourself as having while executing them, a special command within the jurisdiction of the commanding officers of squadrons or foreign stations, which will exempt you from reporting to them except your arrival and departure from the limits of their command. And you will be expected to report directly to the Department from time to time during your cruise. All such matters connected with the expedition as you may deem of sufficient importance.
You may find it necessary to enter some of the rivers of Africa, in which event you will be permitted to remain on shore or go up these rivers without the restrictions usual to men of war upon that station. And you are authorized to employ natives for boatsmen and to pay their passage back to their homes, as is usual on the African coast.
The Department attaches great importance to this expedition in view of its probable bearing upon the future of American Commerce. An increase in the exchange of the productions of Africa, Borneo, and the islands of the Indian Ocean for those of the United States is eminently desirable; and there is no reason why our merchants should continue behind those of other nations in this respect. The present is perhaps a most favorable time for securing this increase and your selection for this special and important duty in view of your experience, ability and enlarged commercial views, give assurance to the Department that this expedition, under your charge will contribute very materially to this result.
Respectfully,
(Signed) R.W. Thomson
Secretary of the Navy
Washington, October 29th 1878
Commodore
R.W. Shufeldt
U.S. Flagship Ticonderoga
Special Services
Sir:
The Department having the fullest confidence in your capacity, discretion and [ _____ ] fitness for the duty, directs that so soon as the Ticonderoga Commander Bartlett J. Cromwell, is prepared for sea you proceed with her to the unfrequented ports of Africa, Asia, the islands of the Indian Ocean, and the adjacent seas particularly where there are at present no American commercial representations with a view to the encouragement and extension of American commerce. While of course in the performance of this special service much must be left to your own discretion, both as regards the ports visited and your intercourse with the inhabitants, yet you will have no difficulty in ascertaining the main and important objects of the Department in fitting out this expedition. You will be expected-
First to report upon the articles of export and import, and the commercial facilities afforded by the laws of the respective countries and in the ports of entry.
Second to encourage and extend American influence by visiting countries where, like Liberia, we already have treaty relations; or like Muscat and Zanzibar, our treaties may need revision.
Third to come in contact with tribes or the coast of Africa not already under the control of European powers, for the purpose of familiarizing them with the advantages of trade with the United States.
Fourth to visit Madagascar and Burmah, at which latter place it is said an American citizen is now or has lately been maltreated.
Fifth to circumnavigate the island of Borneo and to have an interview with its Sultan. This immense island has but two foreign trading ports upon its two thousand miles of coast, Labuan and Sarawak. Both British and Americans have from time to time attempted the establishment of trading stations with the consent of the reigning Sultan, but have failed as it is alleged for want of protection. These fats will command your attention.
Sixth to visit some part of the Corea with the endeavor to re-open by peaceful measures, negotiation with that government. It is believed that the attack upon the Corean ports in 1871 is susceptible of satisfactory explanation and that a moderate and conciliatory course towards the government would result in opening the port of that country to American commerce. You will give special consideration to the subject.
Seventh to rectify errors when they are found to exert in latitude and longitude, to make sailing directions, to take tracings of unexplored coasts, and in every way possible to add to scientific knowledge, and give additional security to navigation in the seas visited.
You will also, if desired by the State Department, make reports in reference to the condition of all consulates in the ports of the world visited, or any such other information as that Department may desire.
The cruise thus designated will take the Ticonderoga along the line of the west and east coasts of Africa and by the adjacent islands, to Burmah, British East India and Borneo, thence through the Java seas to New Guinea and the surrounding islands, thence to the Corean and the China seas and thence home by way of the Pacific Islands and South America or by the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean as the Department may hereafter direct. It is supposed that it will occupy eighteen months or two years.
In April last, the British government through the Secretary of State expressed a desire that a naval officer of the United States should be dictated to act as arbitrator in a pending question between that Government and Liberia with regard to the northwest boundary between Liberia and the British possessions in conjunction with each officials as may be designed by her Majesty’s Government. For this purpose the Department on April 5, 1878 designed Commander Robert F. Bradford commanding the U.S.S. Marion to act as such arbiter, and directed him to proceed to Gibraltar with the Marion and await further instructions. It has been indicated by the British authorities that this commissioner would meet in the first instance at Monrovia or Sierra Leone and although it was then contemplated that it should meet as soon as possible thereafter, the Department has since been notified, through the State Department, that it has been deferred until the month of January next. In the mean time, the Department has ordered Commander Bradford to return with the Marion to the United States and he either now is, or soon will be on his homeward cruise. It is, therefore, rendered necessary that some other officer shall be substituted for him, and the Department has decided to confide this duty to you. You will, consequently, upon reaching the coast of Africa put yourself in communication with the British authorities, and act in conjunction with the commissioner designated by them for this purpose.
In as much as the duties here assigned you are special in their nature you will consider yourself as having while executing them, a special command within the jurisdiction of the commanding officers of squadrons or foreign stations, which will exempt you from reporting to them except your arrival and departure from the limits of their command. And you will be expected to report directly to the Department from time to time during your cruise. All such matters connected with the expedition as you may deem of sufficient importance.
You may find it necessary to enter some of the rivers of Africa, in which event you will be permitted to remain on shore or go up these rivers without the restrictions usual to men of war upon that station. And you are authorized to employ natives for boatsmen and to pay their passage back to their homes, as is usual on the African coast.
The Department attaches great importance to this expedition in view of its probable bearing upon the future of American Commerce. An increase in the exchange of the productions of Africa, Borneo, and the islands of the Indian Ocean for those of the United States is eminently desirable; and there is no reason why our merchants should continue behind those of other nations in this respect. The present is perhaps a most favorable time for securing this increase and your selection for this special and important duty in view of your experience, ability and enlarged commercial views, give assurance to the Department that this expedition, under your charge will contribute very materially to this result.
Respectfully,
(Signed) R.W. Thomson
Secretary of the Navy
색인어
- 이름
- R.W. Shufeldt, Bartlett J. Cromwell, Robert F. Bradford, Bradford, R.W. Thomson
- 지명
- Washington, Liberia, Muscat, Zanzibar, Madagascar, Burmah, island of Borneo, Labuan, Sarawak, Burmah, British East India, Borneo, Java seas, New Guinea, China seas, the Pacific Islands, South America, Suez Canal, Mediterranean, Liberia, Liberia, Gibraltar, Marion, Monrovia, Sierra Leone, Borneo
- 관서
- Navy Department, Special Services, the State Department, naval officer of the United States, the State Department, Secretary of the Navy
